Desain Pit Penambangan Batubara Blok C pada PT. Intibuana Indah Selaras Kabupaten Nunukan Provinsi Kalimantan Utara

Desain pit adalah suatu kegiatan dalam merencanakan kegiatan produksi pada tambang dengan metode yang digunakan adalah tambang terbuka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mendapatkandesain pit yang ideal, dengan mengunakan metode penampang sayatan, penyebaran batubara, cadangan overburden, cadangan batubara, geometri bench dan stripping ratio. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk pembuatan desain pit adalah program autocad 2012 . Adapun data – data yang yang diperhatikan dalam pembuatan desain pit meliputi kestabilan lereng ( lebar bench, tinggi bench, kemiringan lereng dan endapan batubara). Dari hasil pengolahan data, maka didapatkan luas bukaan pit 75,8763 Ha, dengan nilai stripping ratio 11 : 1 dan desain pit penambangan batubara dengan geometri bench tinggi yaitu 7 meter, lebar bench 3 – 4 meter dan kemiringan 65 o. Dimana desain pit penambangan sampai pada kedalam 2 m di permukaan laut

Migrant Ridesharing Drivers in San Francisco: A Case of Blocked Mobility?

Migrants have long turned to self-employment in host country labor markets due to not only racial and ethnic prejudices, but also issues of local language proficiency and lack of recognition of the academic degree from the sending country. The taxi industry, one particular occupational niche dominated by migrants, has long been studied by scholars. However, the industry has evolved into a newer and understudied form of transportation: ridesharing. This study argues that in the case of the ridesharing industry, drivers did indeed turn to the occupation because of factors such as insufficient English language level and foreign academic degrees, but also age and personal family matters. Participants were attracted to the ridesharing industry in large part because of the flexibility and level of compensation provided. As a whole, participants saw ridesharing as the best option available to them in an otherwise unsuitable labor market

The Hidden Though Flourishing Justification of Intellectual Property Laws: Distributive Justice, National Versus International Approaches

Bu çalışmada, Gökkuşağı alabalıklarında enfeksiyonoluşturan Ichthyophthirius multifiliis’infarklı bölgelerden izole edilmiş saha suşlarının genotipik yapıları temelindeimmundominant özellik gösteren rekombinant immobilizan antijenlerini(i-antijen) kodlayan genlerin bakteriyel ekspresyon sistemine klonlanarakeksprese ve karakterize edilmeleri, antijenik profillerinin ortaya çıkarılmasıve aşı adayı olabilecek rekombinant antijenlerin elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.&nbsp;Çalışmada 2018 ve 2019 yıllarının Temmuz ve Ağustos ayları arasında Gökkuşağıalabalığı yetiştiriciliğinin yoğun yapıldığı Samsun, Rize, Kayseri, Elazığ,Burdur, Antalya ve Muğla illerinde bulunan işletmeler ziyaret edilerek balıkpopülasyonları üzerinde saha araştırmaları yürütülmüş ve I. multifiliis ile enfekte bulunan balıklardan ilgili protokolleregöre izolasyon gerçekleştirilmiştir. Laboratuvara uygun solüsyonlar ve soğukzincir altında intikal ettirilen örneklerden cDNA ve gDNA izolasyonlarıgerçekleştirilmiştir. I. multifiliis i-antijengen lokusunun amplifikasyonu amacıyla optimum primer dizaynı için ön çalışmalaryürütülmüş ve hedef gen bölgeleri uygun amplifikasyon koşullarında PCR’daçoğaltılmıştır. Elde edilen amplikonlar agaroz jel üzerinden saflaştırılmıştır.Multiple gen lokusu sekanslarının belirlenebilmesi amacıyla ilgili pürifiyeamplikonlar pJET 1.2 plazmit vektörüne CloneJET PCR cloning kit (Thermo FisherScientific) kullanılarak klonlanmış ve katı besi yerinde belirlenenkolonilerden rekombinant plazmid DNA izolasyonları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Rekombinantplazmidler spesifik primerlerle çift yönlü olarak sekanslanmış vekromotogramlar De Novo Assemble üzerinden işlenerek hedef insert sekanslarvektör plazmid DNA’sı içerisinden çıkarılmış ve konsensüs sekanslar eldeedilmiştir. İlgili primerlerin i-antijen gen lokusu içerisinde çoğalttığı fragmentlerinbelirlenebilmesi amacıyla PCR ürünleri ayrıca yeni nesil dizileme teknolojisi (NGS)kullanılarak işlenmiş ve elde edilen dizilimlerin gen veri tabanlarındakimevcut tüm i-antijen gen lokusları ile filogenetik ilişkileri araştırılmıştır.Tüm bu araştırmalar sonucu karakterize edilen i-antijen genlerinin ekspreseettiği proteinlerin rekombinant olarak eldesi için çalışmalargerçekleştirilmiştir. Aşı adayı potansiyeli olabilecek bazı lokusların bakteriyelekspresyon sistemine aktarımı için kodon optimizasyonları yapılarak pET-32a(+)ekspresyon plazmid DNA’sına (Novagen) klonlanması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Eldeedilen rekombinant plazmitler E. colikompotent BL21(DE3) hücrelerine transforme edilerek optimum koşullardaekspresyon çalışmaları yürütülmüş ve ekspresyon etkinliği SDS-PAGE ve WesternBlot analizleri ile belirlenmiştir. Eksprese edilen rekombinant i-antijenproteinleri afinite kromotografi kulanılarak saflaştırılmış ve immunreaktiflikleri Western Blot analizleri ile tespit edilmiştir.&nbsp;Çalışmada,Elazığ, Rize ve Muğla illerinde ziyaret edilen işletmelerdeki Gökkuşağıalabalıklarında deri ve solungaçlarından hazırlanan preparatların mikroskobikincelemeleri ile I. multifiliisenfeksiyonunun yaygın olduğu görülmüştür. İlgili bölgelerden elde edilen I. multifiliis suşlarına ait cDNA vegDNA izolatlarının i-antijen gen lokusunun dizayn edilen pirmerlerle PCR’daamplifiye edilmesi sonucu 1200-1300 bp büyüklüğünde amplikonlar saptanmıştır.Pürifiye amplikonların klonlanması sonucu ilgili izolatlara ait açık okumaçerçevesi (ORF) sekanslarının analizinde birbirleriyle %38,3-58,8 arasındafarklılık gösteren 4 farklı i-antijen izoformu tespit edilmiştir. Bu izoformlararasında bir antijenik lokusun (ImulTR1-iant) her üç ildeki alabalıkpopülasyonlarından izole edilen I.multifiliis suşlarında da var olduğu NGS analizlerinde görülmüştür.ImulTR1-iant ORF sekansı ayrıca Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde alabalıklardanizole edilmiş bir i-antijen izoformuyla %83,3 identiklik gösterirken, diğertespit edilen izoformlara ait sekansların GenBank veri tabanında mevcuti-antijen sekanslarından oldukça farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmadarekaombinant i-antijen eldesi için yaygın belirlenen ImulTR1-iant izolatıüzerinden analizler yürütülmüştür. Bu izoformu kodlayan gen bölgesinin 1263bpbüyüklüğünde olduğu ve ORF’nin 420 amino asitten teşekkül ettiğibelirlenmiştir. ORF amino asit sekanslarının in-slico analizlerde 42,552 kDabüyüklüğünde bir proteini eksprese ettiği, bu proteinin sitoplazmik olduğu vetransmembran bölge içermediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ilgili ORF sekansıiçerisinde uzunluğu 7-22aa arasında değişen 21 antijenik bölge olduğubelirlenmiştir. Kodon optimizasyonu yapılmış olan ImulTR1-iant izoformuna ait pET-32a(+)rekombinant plazmitinin E. colikompotent BL21(DE3) hücrelerine transformasyonu ve ekspresyonu sonrasındayapılan SDS-PAGE analizlerinde in-silico analiz sonuçlarına paralel olarakyaklaşık 43kDa’luk protein jel üzerinde görüntülenmiştir. İlgili rekombinantprotein afinite kromotografide HisTrap FF crude (GE Healthcare) kolonlarıkullanılarak saflaştırılmış ve pürifiye rekombinant antijenin immun-reaktifliğiWestern-Blot analizleriyle gösterilmiştir.&nbsp;ErciyesÜniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından TOA-2017-7742 kodnumarasıyla desteklenen bu çalışma ile Türkiye’de gökkuşağı alabalıklarındasorun oluşturan ve ekonomik kayıplara yol açan I. multifiliis suşlarına karşı biyoteknolojik aşı geliştirilmesinoktasında aşı adayı olabilecek immobilizan antijenler üzerine özgün veriler sağlanmıştır.Elde edilen aşı adayı rekombinant antijenlerin etkinliğini ortaya koymanoktasında laboratuvar ve saha şartlarında immunizasyon ve çelınç enfeksiyondenemeleri için yeni proje çalışmaları planlanmaktadır.</style

Retrospektivna analiza graničnih tumora jajnika: ishodi u jednom centru

We wanted to discuss our experiences in the approach to borderline ovarian tumors, which constitute a group different from epithelial ovarian tumors with respect to their biological structure in line with retrospective information gathered from our cases. A total of 25 patients operated on for the indication of adnexal masses diagnosed as borderline ovarian tumors based on frozen section results were included in our study. Patient age, tumor diameter, tumor markers and surgeries performed were discussed in the light of the literature. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software. The patient mean age was 43.84±11.34 years. The mass was localized in the right (n=13), left (n=11) or both (n=1) adnexal regions. The mean tumor diameter was 12.9±5.84 cm. Histopathologic examination established the diagnosis of serous borderline (n=14 patients) and mucinous borderline (n=11) ovarian tumors. Although the results of our study are consistent with current literature data, a greater number of current studies should be performed on borderline ovarian tumors, which are defined as a class of tumors different from epithelial ovarian tumors.Želja nam je opisati naša iskustva u pristupu graničnim tumorima jajnika kao skupini tumora koji se razlikuju od epitelnih tumora jajnika prema biološkoj strukturi, sukladno retrospektivnim podacima prikupljenim iz naših slučajeva. U istraživanje je bilo uključeno 25 bolesnica operiranih pod indikacijom adneksnih tvorevina dijagnosticiranih kao granični tumori jajnika na osnovi rezultata dobivenih iz zamrznutih uzoraka. Prikazani su sljedeći podaci bolesnica: dob, promjer tumora, tumorski biljezi i izvedeni operativni zahvati, u odnosu na literaturne podatke. Statistička analiza je provedena primjenom programa SPSS. Srednja dob bolesnica bila je 43,84±11,34 godine. Tumorska masa bila je smještena u desnoj (n=13) ili lijevoj (n=11) adneksnoj regiji, a kod jedne bolesnice u objema adneksnim regijama. Srednji promjer tumora bio je 12,9±5,84 cm. Histopatološkom analizom postavljena je dijagnoza seroznog graničnog (n=14) i mucinoznog graničnog (n=11) tumora jajnika. Iako su rezultati ovoga istraživanja sukladni literaturnim podacima, potrebno je provesti veći broj studija graničnih tumora jajnika, koji se definiraju kao vrsta tumora različita od epitelnih tumora jajnika

N-[2-(4-Bromo­benzo­yl)eth­yl]isopropyl­aminium chloride

The crystal structure of the title compound, C12H17BrNO+·Cl−, is stabilized by N—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network. The inter­actions framework is completed by C—H⋯π contacts between a methyl­ene group and the benzene ring of a symmetry-related mol­ecule

3-(4-Chloro­benzo­yl)-4-(4-chloro­phen­yl)-1-phenethyl­piperidin-4-ol

In the title compound, C26H25Cl2NO2, the piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation with a cis configuration of the carbonyl and hy­droxy substituents. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings of the chloro­benzene groups is 24.3 (2)°. The phenyl ring forms dihedral angles of 59.4 (3) and 44.1 (3)° with the benzene rings. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular O—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π inter­actions into layers parallel to the bc plane

Актуальные вопросы развития правового регулирования арбитража (третейского разбирательства) в Российской Федерации

В магистерской диссертации ставились следующие цели и задачи: Целью работы является изучение теоретических и практических проблем, связанных с отдельными вопросами арбитрабельности споров в развитии законодательства и судебной практики. Актуальность вопроса вызвана произошедшей в 2015-2016 гг. в РФ реформой третейского разбирательства, связанной с принятием Федерального закона от 29.12.2015 № 382-ФЗ «Об арбитраже (третейском разбирательстве) в Российской Федерации» и Федерального закона от 29.12.2015 № 409-ФЗ «О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации и признании утратившим силу пункта 3 части 1 статьи 6 Федерального закона „О саморегулируемых организациях“ в связи с принятием Федерального закона „Об арбитраже (третейском разбирательстве) в Российской Федерации». В основу исследования легли правовые позиции, выраженные в Постановлении Президиума ВАС РФ от 11.02.2014 № 11059/13 по делу № А26-9592/2012, а также отдельных выводов, сформулированных в Определениях КС РФ от 15.01.2015 № 5-О и от 29.09.2015 № 2214-О, касающихся вопросов установления критериев, позволяющих сделать вывод о неарбитрабельности споров, возникающих из природоресурсных договоров, и, в частности, из такого основания для возникновения специального права лесопользования, как договор аренды лесного участка, заключенного в целях заготовки древесины. Помимо вышеуказанного, к задачам и целям исследования относятся: 1. Обзор существующих в доктрине права третейского разбирательства научных взглядов и представлений об институте арбитрабельности споров, их краткая характеристика. Изложение автором собственной позиции в отношении критериев арбитрабельности. 2. Характеристика лесных имущественных правоотношений, основанных на договорных основаниях возникновения права природопользования. Исследование вопроса арбитрабельности споров, возникающих из лесных имущественных правоотношений, с позиции материально-правового (позитивного) критерия установления арбитрабельности. Анализ стадий заключения, исполнения, расторжения договора аренды лесного участка, а также признания его недействительным. 3. Исследование вопроса о допустимости передачи гражданско-правового спора, возникшего из лесных имущественных правоотношений, на рассмотрение в третейский суд с позиции обеспечения необходимых гарантий прав участников юрисдикционного процесса в рамках процессуальной формы арбитража, в её соотношении с судопроизводством, осуществляемом по правилам АПК РФ и ГПК РФ. Выводы, сделанные по результатам исследования: • Изменения, внесенные в правовое регулирование арбитража в результате третейской реформы, позволяют расширить категории споров, относимых к компетенции третейского суда ввиду «юридизации» процедуры третейского разбирательства с одной стороны, и усиления диспозитивных начал в определении правил арбитража – с другой. • Ввиду особенностей третейского процесса, следует согласиться с позицией ВАС РФ о том, что споры, возникающие на стадии заключения договора аренды лесного участка, в настоящий момент являются неарбитрабельными по причине необходимости учёта законных интересов заведомо неопределённого круга лиц – потенциальных участников аукциона по продаже права на заключение договора аренды лесного участка. Представляется, что соответствующая позиция правомерна до принятия изменений в законодательном регулировании, обеспечивающих учет интересов широкого круга субъектов при обращении за юрисдикционной защитой в третейский суд – по аналогии с арбитражем корпоративных споров. • Публичный интерес РФ, субъектов РФ, выражающийся в необходимости соблюдения природоохранных требований, а также в администрировании неналоговых доходов бюджетов, не может являться аргументом в признании данной категории споров неарбитрабельными. Данный публичный интерес в конкретном деле, рассмотренном ВАС РФ, не сводим к содержанию «публичного порядка», либо «основополагающих принципов российского права», являющимися безусловными основаниями для отмены решения третейского суда. Аналогичный вывод следует и применительно к объекту лесного правоотношения – земельного участка лесного фонда. • Процессуальная форма арбитража как до проведения третейской реформы, так и после неё позволяет отнести к категории арбитрабельных споров, возникающих в связи с исполнением, изменением, расторжением договора аренды лесного участка, признания его недействительным, поскольку стороны третейского соглашения вправе предъявлять повышенные требования к механизму юрисдикционной защиты прав участника арендного правоотношения, а также приспособить процедуру третейского разбирательства к особенностям экономической деятельности в сфере лесного хозяйства. • С учетом судебной практики Европейского Суда по правам человека, заключение сторонами арбитражного соглашения рассматривается как допустимое в определенной степени ограничение права на судебную защиту. В связи с этим, стороны арбитражного соглашения, признавая компетенцию третейского суда по окончательному разрешению гражданско-правового спора, несут повышенный риск совершения, либо не совершения ими необходимых процессуальных действий, в том числе при выборе арбитра. Вынесенное третейским судом решение по существу обладает свойством обязательности для сторон, выражающейся, в том числе, в запрете последующего пересмотра данного решения по существу. По обстоятельствам дела, рассмотренного ВАС РФ, действия проигравшей арбитраж стороны были направлены на преодоление окончательного решения третейского суда и представляли собой злоупотребление правом. В свою очередь, ВАС РФ необоснованно не применил в отношении заявления проигравшей спор стороны правило эстоппель, применимое и в процессуальных правоотношениях.In the master's thesis, the following goals and tasks were set: The aim of the work is to study theoretical and practical problems related to specific issues of arbitrability in the development of legislation and judicial practice. The urgency of the issue is caused by happened in 2015-2016. in the Russian Federation the reform of arbitration proceedings related to the adoption of Federal Law No. 382-FZ of December 29, 2015 "On Arbitration (Arbitration) in the Russian Federation" and Federal Law No. 409-FZ of December 29, 2015 "On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation and the invalidation of paragraph 3 of Part 1 of Article 6 of the Federal Law "On Self-Regulating Organizations" in connection with the adoption of the Federal Law "On Arbitration (Arbitration Proceedings) in the Russian Federation". The research was based on the legal positions expressed in the Resolution of the Presidium of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation of 11.02.2014 No. 11059/13 in the case No. A26-9592 / 2012, as well as certain conclusions formulated by Constitutional Court of RF, Decrees No. 5-O of 15.01.2015 and 09/29/2015 № 2214-О, concerning the issues of establishing criteria allowing to conclude, that the disputes, arising from nature resources contracts are not arbitrary, and in particular from such grounds for the emergence of a special forest use right, as a lease contract for a forest plot, concluded for the purpose of harvesting timber . Besides the above-mentioned, there are following goals and tasks of the research: 1. Review of existing in the doctrine of the right of arbitration proceedings of scientific views and representations about the institution of arbitrability of disputes, their brief description. The author's statement based on his own position with respect to the criteria of arbitrability. 2. Characteristics of forest proprietary relations, based on the contractual grounds for the emergence of the right to use nature. Investigation of the issue of arbitrability of disputes arising from forest proprietary relations, from the position of a substantive (positive) criterion for establishing arbitrability. Analysis of the stages of conclusion, execution, cancellation of the lease contract for the forest plot, and its recognition as invalid. 3. Investigation of the issue of the admissibility of the transfer of a civil dispute, arising out from a forest property relations to the arbitration court, for ensuring the necessary guarantees of the rights of participants in the jurisdictional process within the procedural form of arbitration, in its relation to legal proceedings, carried out per rules of Arbitrage Procedural Code and Civil Procedural Code of Russian Federation. Conclusions drawn from the study: • The changes made to the legal regulation of arbitration because of the arbitration reform make it possible to expand the categories of disputes falling within the competence of the arbitral tribunal due to the "legalization" (formalizing) of the arbitration procedure on the one hand, and the strengthening of the discretionary principles in determining arbitration rules, on the other. • Due to the peculiarities of the arbitrage, we should agree with the position of the Supreme Arbitration Court of RF, that the disputes, arising at the stage of concluding the lease contract for the forest plot are currently non-arbitrable, considering the legitimate interests of an uncertain circle of potential participants in the auction for the sale of the right to concluding a lease agreement for a forest plot. It seems, that the corresponding position is legitimate until be made changes in the legislative regulation, that ensure the consideration of the interests of a wide range of subjects, applying for jurisdictional protection in an arbitrage - by analogy with arbitration of corporate disputes. • The public interest of the RF, RF subjects, expressed in the propositions of complying by land plot leaser environmental requirements, as well as in the administration of non-tax revenues of budgets, cannot be an argument in recognizing this category of disputes as non-arbitrable. This public interest in a case, considered by the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation is not reduced to the content of "public policy" or "fundamental principles of Russian law", which are unconditional grounds for canceling the decision of the arbitral tribunal. A similar conclusion follows also regarding to the object of the forest legal relationship - the land plot of the forest fund. • Remedial form of arbitration as before the arbitration reforms, and after them can be attributed to the category of arbitrability of disputes, arising about the execution, modification, cancellation of lease agreement, annulment; as for the parties of the arbitration agreement causes to demand higher mechanism jurisdictional protect the rights of parties, as well as to adapt the arbitration procedure to the peculiarities of the economic activity in the forestry. • Considering the judgment practice of the European Court of Human Rights, conclusion by the parties the arbitration agreement is considered as valid to some extent, restrictions on the right to judicial protection. In this regard, the parties of the arbitration agreement, recognizing the competence of the arbitral tribunal for the final settlement of a civil dispute, bear an increased risk of committing or not committing the necessary procedural actions, including choosing an arbitrator. The decision, made by the arbitrage has the property of binding on the parties, which is expressed, inter alia, in the prohibition of the subsequent revision of this decision on the merits. Due to the circumstances of the case, considered by the Supreme Arbitration Court of RF, the actions of the losing party were aimed at overcoming the final decision of the arbitration court and represented abuse of law. In turn, the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation unreasonably denied to apply estoppel rule to the statement of the losing party of the dispute, which is also applicable in procedural legal relations

An Overview of One Health Concept Focusing on Toxoplasmosis

The "One Health" concept is a universal approach to sustainably balancing and optimizing the health of humans, animals, and ecosystems. This approach is based on the health of humans, domestic and wild animals, and plants in a wider environment in which self-renewable ecosystems exist, with essential characteristics of integration, unifying and holistic perspective. Toxoplasmosis, one of the most common zoonotic infections in both terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems in the world, is an ideal model disease for the “One Health” approach. Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular pathogen protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. In the life cycle of T. gondii, the definitive host is domestic cats and felines, and the intermediate hosts are all mammals (including humans), birds and reptiles. The infected cats have primary importance and play a crucial role in the contamination of habitats in the ecosystems with T. gondii oocysts. Thus, ecosystems with domestic cats and stray cats are contaminated with cat feces infected with T. gondii oocytes. T. gondii positivity has been scientifically demonstrated in all warm-blooded animals in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. The disease causes deaths and abortions in farm animals, resulting in great economic losses. However, the disease causes great problems in humans, especially pregnant women. During pregnancy, it may have effects such as congenital infections, lesions in the eye and brain of the fetus, premature birth, intrauterine growth retardation, fever, pneumonia, thrombocytopenia, ocular lesions, encephalitis, and abortion. The mechanism of death and abortion of the fetus in a pregnant woman infected with T. gondii occurs as a result of complete disruption of the maternal immune mechanism. The struggle against toxoplasmosis requires the universal collaboration and coordination of the World Organization for Animal Health, the World Health Organization and the World Food Organization in the "One Health" concept and integrative approaches of all responsible disciplines. Establishing universal environmental safety with the prevention and control of toxoplasmosis requires the annihilation of the feces of the infected cats using suitable techniques firstly. Then routinely, the monitoring and treatment of T. gondii positivity in cats, avoiding contact with contaminated foods and materials, and development of modern treatment and vaccine options. Particularly, mandatory monitoring or screening of T. gondii positivity during the pregnancy period in humans should be done. It would be beneficial to replace the French model, especially in the monitoring of disease in humans. In this article, the ecology of toxoplasmosis was reviewed at the base of the "One Health" concept

“The Lolelaplap (Marshall Islands) in Us: Sailing West to East (Ralik→Ratak) to These Our Atolls (Aelon Kein Ad) Ad Jolet Jen Anij (Our Blessed Inheritance from God)”

This paper discusses the expansion of Oceania through a Marshallese indigenous lens as a focal point. It explains that decolonizing methodologies allows reclaiming of space for mental liberation and reassurement of constitutional rights. It highlights similar occurrences of decolonization practices meeting resistance in the 21st century all while strengthening the human right argument that no human deserves any less than their fellow human brothers and sisters. It argues that an indigenous imagery can only be viewed through an indigenous lens where the researches’ level of purity is retained and unfiltered. It nevertheless argues that Marshallese ethnolinguistics reveal the same cultural practices in America, Judeo-Christianity, and Oceania thus dictating the reality that “we are the same not withstanding one stays here and one there (Bedbedjin Bedbedjen, Bedbedjinma wot Kwe)”. It further explains the importance in these similarities and how Marshallese spirituality predates introduced American Judeo-Christianity despite the latter attempting to marginalize the former. It concludes by stating that Marshallese contributions on the global stage are rooted in that culture of love (IaKwe) which is echoed by the custom(s) revealing the significance of Marshallese validation academically, spiritually, economically, & socially to prevent institutionalized discrimination. This paper ends stating that the agency to know one’s self and how one should fit in the world, is a human right in itself and Marshallese are entitled to this sense of self worth through knowing thy self by thy self where real thinking takes place in one’s own mind as we all live our own lives